Chú thích Pupienus

  1. ↑ Trong tiếng Latinh cổ, cái tên của Pupienus được ghi là MARCVS CLODIVS PVPIENVS MAXIMVS AVGVSTVS.
  2. ↑ Michael Grant, The Roman emperors: a biographical guide to the rulers of imperial Rome, 31 BC-AD 476 (1985), pg. 144
  3. ↑ Historia Augusta, Maximus and Balbinus, 5:1-8
  4. ↑ John Drinkwater, Maximinus to Diocletian and the crisis, in The Cambridge ancient history: The crisis of empire, A.D. 193-337 (ed. Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron) (2005), pg. 32
  5. ↑ Michel Christol, L'empire romain du IIIe siècle: histoire politique (1997), pg. 114
  6. ↑ Christian Settipani, Continuité gentilice et continuité familiale dans les familles sénatoriales romaines à l'époque impériale: mythe et réalité (2000), pg. 120 – Note that this speculation is based upon onomastic similarities and probabilities
  7. 1 2 3 4 McMahon, Pupienus (238 A.D.) and Balbinus (238 A.D.)
  8. ↑ Christopher S. Mackay, Ancient Rome: a military and political history (2004), pg. 268
  9. ↑ Potter, pg. 169
  10. ↑ The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, vol. I, p. 225, Edward Gibbon (The Online Library of Liberty). .
  11. ↑ John Drinkwater, Maximinus to Diocletian and the crisis, in The Cambridge ancient history: The crisis of empire, A.D. 193-337 (ed. Alan K. Bowman, Peter Garnsey, Averil Cameron) (2005), pgs. 33
  12. ↑ McMahon, Pupienus (238 A.D.) and Balbinus (238 A.D.); Southern, pg. 67
  13. ↑ Potter, pg. 171; Canduci, pgs. 64-65
  14. ↑ Michael Grant, The collapse and recovery of the Roman Empire (1999), pgs. 5-6
  15. ↑ McMahon, Pupienus (238 A.D.) and Balbinus (238 A.D.); Canduci, pgs. 64-65
  16. ↑ Ronald Syme, Historia Augusta papers (1983), pg. 194